Freeindia > Biographies > Great Poets > Ravindranatha Thakura
Ravindranatha Thakura
Extant during Kaliyuga's years 4962 to 5043 ( i.e. 1861 to 1942 A.D.)
World-famous poet and litterateur of Bengal who got Nobel Prize on his work Gitanjali, in the Kaliyuga's year 5014 ( 1913 A.D. ), Ravindranath Tagore ( Thakur ) had been an epoch maker in Bengali literature. His father Sri Devendranath Thakur was a famous and honoured Brahma-samajist. Born in a well-cultured family accomplished with rich interest in literature, Ravindranath Tagore brought effected an unprecedented and excellent development of the Bengali literature. When the British Government brought about the partition of Bengal ( Bariga-bhanga ) and there arose a national protest movement against it; then Ravindranath Tagore wrote outstanding patriotic poems full of love for the country. He had a tour of England, Japan, China and some other countries and studied deeply the Western literature. Not only he made a unique contribution in the field of education by setting up Vishva Bharati university at Shantiniketan, a place where he also made his own contribution in the development of various kinds of fine arts and crafts, but also, encouraged others to do so. He also established nearby another township, with the name Shriniketan that distinguished in the development of healthy wholesome industry. He had not only been a poet and musician - creating Ravindra Sangita - but also was a novelist and story writer of high order as well as a painter artist. Through his life and work he acquainted the world with the universal culture of India.
Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941), Nobel laureate for literature (1913), was one of modern India's greatest poets and the composer of independent India's national anthem.
Poet, Philosopher, Musician, Writer, Educator, Nobel Laureate (1861-1941)
Freeindia > Biographies > Great Poets > Ravindranatha Thakura
Rabindranath Tagore was born in Calcutta, India into a wealthy Brahmin family. After a brief stay in England (1878) to attempt to study law, he returned to India, and instead pursued a career as a writer, playwright, songwriter, poet, philosopher and educator. During the first 51 years of his life he achieved some success in the Calcutta area of India where he was born and raised with his many stories, songs and plays. His short stories were published monthly in a friend's magazine and he even played the lead role in a few of the public performances of his plays. Otherwise, he was little known outside of the Calcutta area, and not known at all outside of India.
This all suddenly changed in 1912. He then returned to England for the first time since his failed attempt at law school as a teenager. Now a man of 51, his was accompanied by his son. On the way over to England he began translating, for the first time, his latest selections of poems, Gitanjali, into English. Almost all of his work prior to that time had been written in his native tongue of Bengali. He decided to do this just to have something to do, with no expectation at all that his first time translation efforts would be any good. He made the handwritten translations in a little notebook he carried around with him and worked on during the long sea voyage from India. Upon arrival, his son left his father's brief case with this notebook in the London subway. Fortunately, an honest person turned in the briefcase and it was recovered the next day. Tagore's one friend in England, a famous artist he had met in India, Rothenstein, learned of the translation, and asked to see it. Reluctantly, with much persuasion, Tagore let him have the notebook. The painter could not believe his eyes. The poems were incredible. He called his friend, W.B. Yeats, and finally talked Yeats into looking at the hand scrawled notebook.
The rest, as they say, is history. Yeats was enthralled. He later wrote the introduction to Gitanjali when it was published in September 1912 in a limited edition by the India Society in London. Thereafter, both the poetry and the man were an instant sensation, first in London literary circles, and soon thereafter in the entire world. His spiritual presence was awesome. His words evoked great beauty. Nobody had ever read anything like it. A glimpse of the mysticism and sentimental beauty of Indian culture were revealed to the West for the first time. Less than a year later, in 1913, Rabindranath received the Nobel Prize for literature. He was the first non-westerner to be so honored. Overnight he was famous and began world lecture tours promoting inter-cultural harmony and understanding. In 1915 he was knighted by the British King George V. When not traveling he remained at his family home outside of Calcutta, where he remained very active as a literary, spiritual and social-political force.
Freeindia > Biographies > Great Poets > Ravindranatha Thakura
In 1919, following the Amritsar massacre of 400 Indian demonstrators by British troops, Sir Tagore renounced his Knighthood. Although a good friend of Gandi, most of the time Tagore stayed out of politics. He was opposed to nationalism and miltiarism as a matter of principle, and instead promoted spiritual values and the creation of a new world culture founded in multi-culturalism, diversity and tolerance. He served as a spiritual and creative beacon to his countrymen, and indeed, the whole world. He used the funds from his writing and lecturing to expand upon the school he had founded in 1901 now known as Visva Bharati . The alternative to the poor system of education imposed by the British, combined the best of traditional Hindu education with Western ideals. Tagore's multi-cultural educational efforts were an inspiration to many, including his friend, Count Hermann Keyserling of Estonia. Count Keyserling founded his own school in 1920 patterned upon Tagore's school, and the ancient universities which existed in Northern India under Buddhist rule over 2,000 years ago under the name School of Wisdom. Rabindranath Tagore led the opening program of the School of Wisdom in 1920, and participated in several of its programs thereafter.
Rabindranath Tagore's creative output tells you a lot about this renaissance man. The variety, quality and quantity are unbelievable. As a writer, Tagore primarily worked in Bengali, but after his success with Gitanjali, he translated many of his other works into English. He wrote over one thousand poems; eight volumes of short stories; almost two dozen plays and play-lets; eight novels; and many books and essays on philosophy, religion, education and social topics. Aside from words and drama, his other great love was music, Bengali style. He composed more than two thousand songs, both the music and lyrics. Two of them became the national anthems of India and Bangladesh. In 1929 he even began painting. Many of his paintings can be found in museums today, especially in India, where he is considered the greatest literary figure of India of all times.
Freeindia > Biographies > Great Poets > Ravindranatha Thakura
Tagore was not only a creative genius, he was a great man and friend to many. For instance, he was also a good friend from childhood to the great Indian Physicist, Bose. He was educated and quite knowledgeable of Western culture, especially Western poetry and Science. This made him a remarkable person, one of the first of our planet to combine East and West, and ancient and modern knowledge. Tagore had a good grasp of modern - post-Newtonian - physics, and was well able to hold his own in a debate with Einstein in 1930 on the newly emerging principles of quantum mechanics and chaos. His meetings and tape recorded conversations with his contemporaries such Albert Einstein and H.G. Wells, stand as cultural landmarks, and show the brilliance of this great man. Although Tagore is a superb representative of his country - India - the man who wrote its national anthem - his life and works go far beyond his country. He is truly a man of the whole Earth, a product of the best of both traditional Indian, and modern Western cultures. The School of Wisdom is proud to have him as part of its heritage. He exemplifies the ideals important to us of Goodness, Meaningful Work, and World Culture.
This great son of Bengal was a poet , a painter, a philosopher, a novelist, an educatonist, an actor, a musician, a cultural leader, (the list is endless), but above all he was a patriot. Rabindranath was born at Jorasanko in Calcutta on 6th May 1861. He was the son of Maharshi Debandranath Tagore, the eminent leader of the Brahmo Samaj. He began writing from his very childhood. In 1913, he recieved the Noble Prize for Literature, primarily because of his book "Gitanjali" - which won him everlasting fame. He became the first Indian / Asian to recieve this award. He had endless love for his country & countrymen. Tagore refused and rejected his "Knighthood" in 1919, against the Jallianwallabagh Massacre. Being a great patriot, he composed hundreds of songs which can be sung in martial tunes. He gave us "Jana Gana Mana" - Our National Anthem. Rabindranath is no more with us , but his ideas & ideals will continue to inspire & encourage all Indians forever.
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